GIS in Windows

HISTORY

GIS is the science that has been used since the days of ancient paintings which have been experiencing in the walls of Lascaux Cave, France made by the hunter CroMagnon contains about animals and route journey, which created around 35,000 years ago. In the year 1854, John Snow spread of disease information to make a point where cholera patients experiencing this disease, so it can be a source of disease and expansion.

Along with the creation of a map using pencil and paper, into the 20th century, especially in the years 1960an where people start to know computer technology, such as GIS can adapt to the progress of this technology. GIS tools to make this method of data processing and map making more quickly. Starting with computerized map of the separation profile into the layer-layer make savings of raw materials for a map and reduce error analysis lame collated (overlay). Previous overlay roughcast, also mapping data manually, so it will have difficulties when making the large scale and much of the data.

In 1962 SIG start felt important in the decision-making, this has already started with the formation of the project with the name "Canada Geographic Information System (CGIS) under the Ministry of Energy, Mines and Resources, chaired by Dr.Roger Tomlinson. The project is served in the store, analyze, and process the data collected form the Canadian Land Inventory (CLI-Canadian Land Inventory), which is then processed into a map of land use in rural areas in Canada. CGIS has been implementing various innovations, such as penstrukturan database, overlay, vektoisasi, making layers, and the distinction between data and spatial data attributes. Until the 1990s CGIS has mengupulkan much of the data of land in Canada. In the years 1960an also has applied GIS in the census held in the United States.
In the development of the GIS, terdapak 3 party that plays a role among other manufacturers of commercial, government, and education. At the end of 1960an until the mid-1970s, GIS has been developed and packaged through a variety of software. When the Harvard Laboratory for Computer Graphics and Spatial Analysis has been developing various software, among other SYMAP, CALFORM, SYMVU, grid, and so forth. Similarly, many developing GIS software developed by commercial companies such as ESRI (Environmental Systems Research Institute) of Arc / Info. Government more as the user provides input standard features of the software. GIS is usually used in military, defense, demographic, spatial and various cities other sectors.

Indonesia itself has adopted the GIS since Pelita to-2 when LIPI invite UNESCO in preparing the "Policy and Program Development Stage Second Five Year (1974-1979)" in the development of science, technology and research. Even now, there are already some GIS software has been developed by the company.

GIS is an abbreviation of the Information System is the geographical information system to collect, store, analyze, manage, and display the data that has a geographic reference (georeference). GIS in the Indonesian language, also known as GIS (Geographic Information System). This system can be a collection of some of the software that is integrated to obtain information that is RELIGIOUS. Specifically GIS is a tool that can be used to search the data, analyze spatial information, manage data, maps and displays them in a certain view. In addition, when combined with the use of computers as a component of the current GIS, the GIS can also be interpreted as a computer-based system that is used to store, and analyze objects and phenomena-the geographic location where the phenomenon is a characteristic that important or critical analysis.
In addition to the above definition, there are some characteristics of the other GIS namely:

• is a collection of hardware, software, instructions and methods to capture, manage, manipulate and display information RELIGIOUS
• is a decision support system
• broader function of mapping tools (Computer Aided-Cartography), Hope has the ability to analyze
• different from the CAD (Computer-Aided Design), because the reference RELIGIOUS (spatial)
• also different from the DBMS (Database Management System), because they have the interface to map data.

With a variety of objectives that are RELIGIOUS information, GIS is a tool that can be used as scientific research, resource management, asset management, urban planning, product marketing, making maps and more. All the goals are used as materials for the decision based on information that has been poured through GIS. In this case GIS closely related to the product in the form of a map.